Gender Inequality In Workplace Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Gender Inequality In Workplace. Answer: Introduction The report deals with the recent story on gender inequality published on the website, www.hcamag.com on 14 December, 2017. The story deals with increasing efforts by the employees to address the pay gaps and gender imbalances persisting in Australia. The story highlighted that there is a gender pay gap which is in favour of men in all occupations. The story informs about the Australias national gender pay gap, which is 15.3%. It is indicating that the employers are still not doing enough to reduce the gender inequality. The published news informs about the efforts being taken to reduce the issue but could lower the SAPs gender pay gap to only 2%. It is still a long process to eliminate the issue entirely (Hilton, 2018). The thesis of the paper is - There is need of increased effort from the Human resource department, to overcome the gender inequality in workplace. The report aims to analyse the gender inequality issue using relevant theory and literature and provide practical solutions to the issues. For this purpose the report draw on the concepts of the strategic management and literature related to the employee relation challenges. All the arguments are supported with the theoretical discussion. Analysis of the Gender inequality issue: Need of HR efforts There is a need of HR efforts to ensure the gender inequality as most of the data focuses on increased efforts from women to end the pay gap. There is multitude of factors, influencing the pay given to women. It includes nature of their employment, industry, history of wage fixation, and their trade union membership. There is clearly more role to play by the organisation in addition to the womens action alone. Equal pay has been a political debate since ages even after 30 years of equal pay legislation. Women despite focusing more on knowing their worth or doing research or by negotiating effectively may not help the issue to be resolved. Thus, HR needs to develop proactive strategies to mitigate the issue. Gender pay gap can be dealt at the HR level as on an average men are earning 24% more than women (Kahn, 2015).). According to the Federal Government's Workplace Gender Equality Agency, women are taking home a smaller pay packet than men and have poor job design. Also women enterin g into the management roles are denied of part time work opportunities. There are very few women working as senior mangers being part time workers. It is due to lack of flexible working embraced by men. Women take greater role in family care than men. Therefore, women mostly take part time jobs. There are still 30 top companies in Australia that has no women on their boards. Women have the significant potential to offer, which is missed by the Australian economy (Cassells, Duncan Ong, 2017). Role of capitalism and patriarchy Gender inequality in the Australia can be explained by Marxist theory. According to this theory, the segregation of the labour force is influenced by the capitalist system. Marxist believed that women liberalism can be achieved, by dismantling the capitalism. The inequality is arising due to exercise of power as per the class analysis. The Marxist feminism theory has emphasised on patriarchy as the cause of gender segregation for gaining greater economic advantage. According to Marxist feminism the inequality in distributing the domestic duties between men and women is beneficial for capitalism. The same extends to the work place (Whatmore, 2016). Marxist argued that this inequality caused the conflict between the labour and capital in various organisations. Marxist theory was however criticised by various feminist scholars for ignoring the gender related issues as his theory did not consider the child care. Child care could not be combined with employment which was the major drawbac k for women. It was the major concern for the radical political feminist theory. As per the radical feminist theory, the oppression in employment was the basis of patriarchy. This is considered the cause of the lower status of women both economically and socially (Bryson, 2016). The status of the women in the employment is also explained by the Dual system theory. This theory is based on the radical feminist theory and the material analysis of history. This theory explains the dual role of the capitalist system and patriarchy in sustaining the gender inequality in labour force. In this theory the job segregation is explained by the intersection of the capitalism and patriarchy. Both together have led to emergence of the dominant capitalist and men. Both the outcomes are similar although emerging from different systems. This theory however, extended the understanding of the gender segregation at work (Carter, 2014). Prejudice and Hiring biases Gender inequality in workplace is also explained by the neo-classical economists. It is known as the human capital theory and considers the differences in human capital possessed by the employees as a reason for gender inequality in workplace. According to the neo-classical economists, employees receives rewards based on their education, capability and training. It means that the organisation based their recruitment decisions depending on the market value of each individuals human capital. The theory explains that women were paid less as they were considered to have fewer skills than men. The challenge here is the prejudice that women had lesser market experience than men and lesser human capital. The reason for inferior skills of women was house chores and child rearing. Men tend to spend more time in paid jobs and thus, the human capital gap widens. Women stay out of labour market due to maternity leave and the human capital decreases. After re-entering the market, inequality in ea rnings is observed between men and women as women lack flexible working. Hiring biases are observed after rejoining from maternity leave (Ochsenfeld, 2014). Employee relation challenges The gender inequality in workplace implies the HR management to have strategic approaches in every organisation. It may be related with area of job design, career support, work organisation and work life balance initiatives. However, HR management faces employee relationship challenges. It is because not every team in the organization can afford to have the members of the same sex. Owing to cultural diversity, there are different customs followed in different parts of the world. It is difficult to meet the expectations of each employee. HR managers cannot control the thought of each employee. The superior employee of the team may not be accessible to his or her team members (Jackson et al., 2014). According to Sharma (2016), lack of cross-cultural communication skills is the barrier for HRD to identify the inequality. There is a need of capability approach to manage the diversity and gender equality. In this regard the HR needs internal capabilities to act in response to the issue, w hich is secured by the numeracy, literacy, education and training. Minorities and women lack adequate training program in par of the men. One of the examples of the capability approach is to combine the internal capabilities with external structural conditionsto develop flexible work arrangements. HRM needs to address the needs of the diverse group of people to avoid conflicts and tensions. The HRM should not consider the us verses them strategy. There should be a difference between the equality policy and diversity policy. Diversity management is focused on valuing the organisational initiative on respecting every employee in the workplace irrespective of gender and other variables. Equal opportunities are associated with employee treatment that is right based and tolerant. It includes initiatives that are entrenched in conformity of legal rules (Kulik, 2014). There is bulk of literature available on managing both equality and diversity. It is critical in workplace as it influences all the members working in the organisation. Managing both the aspects leads to increase in forms competiveness. It is possible if the diversity is not considered as public relation tool. Employees are motivated in every organisation using the performance appraisal method. It helps to maintain both equality and diversity. Some organisations do not uncover the origin of potential biases. This implies HRM for conducting the culture and management systems audit. Lack of such audits keeps certain members of the organisation at disadvantage as per Rees Smith (2017). There are incidents of racial discriminations that inhibited the formation of the constructive group. Appraisal system with gender biases was also found to increase the disadvantage position of women. It may be associated with the stereotyping attitude of HR, and other factors such as low expectation and double standards. Therefore, the racial and diversity audit is considered to be useful in reducing gender-based discrimination.Employee from diverse communities such as African-American female managers may have to work harder than Australian male manager owing to the biasness in performance appraisal. There ar e some firms such as seven-Eleven that manipulated the performance appraisal scores of the employees to reduce the rewards. Women mostly received low scoring than men and led to job dissatisfaction. Women rejoining after maternity leave were expected less productivity than men. They had poor flexibility in working. It affected their acceptance in workplace and income equality. Exploitation of the black or ethnic minority women was evident from the cost benefit analysis. It is attributed to the managers attitude towards equal opportunity. It implies for fairness and AA edicts in managing gender discrimination (Sharma, 2016). Recommendations- Practical solutions HRD can overcome this issue by initiating gender-focused HR management. There are mediating effects of the gender diversity. Gender-diverse workforce results from the human resource policies and practices that is gender-focused. It has great impact on the management as well as non-management levels. At the non management levels the gender diversity leads to higher productivity and higher market performance. A firm engaged in gender-focussed HR practices is the signal that it values gender- diversity. Such workforce gives competitive advantage. Hence, this implies for practical implications (Ali, 2016). HR managers can eliminate the pay disparities by determining the level of knowledge of each employee and the value they add to the organisation. HR managers should ensure that the job offers are not based on what an employee earned previously and maintain the internal equity (Meijerink et al., 2016). Correll (2017) suggested that promotions and biases should be bias free and ensure equitable development of talent. Both women and men with similar qualifications should be proportionately assigned to jobs that have better promotions opportunities. Both should be recommended for opportunities such as management training to increase skills that can impact the advancement. HR managers should give similar opportunities to both genders including bonuses, add-ons and similar increases. According to Tam (2017) HRD should perform an annual pay equity analysis at the time of merit increase. It will ensure that the pay is based on market value, last three performance ratings, past experience, and others factors. It is the duty of the HR to adjust the pay of the employee as per the projected pay. Bonuses should be given based on the annually established goals. Both the managers and HR partners should set the realistic goals. They must engage in open discussion with the employees if one demographic is getting too less. The mangers should be accountable for the development of the team members. The compensation should be transparent; it means that there should be clear formula determining the pay increases along with the pay range. This strategy helps provide a rationale and dispel the misconceptions. It is recommended by the, Australias Workplace Gender Equality Agencythat the HRD practice need to be explicit about the person responsible for equitable pay. Every organisation should have a remuneration review committee to recognise the discrepancies in pay equity. Accountability includes roles and responsibilities of the HR managers in the remuneration process. A company having competitive edge means it has level paying field. It helps to get largest segment of top talent. Strategic HR management should focus on promoting the flexible working, focus on measurement, promote female leadership, and eliminate the salary negotiation. There is a need of quick fix solution to address the gender pay gap. HR together with manager should consider the where the employees are heading towards (Javidmehr Ebrahimpour, 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded from the above discussion that HR is not doing enough to address the gender inequality. The factors that contributed towards the gender inequality in workplace in Australia as per the literature are capitalist system, patriarchy, stereotyping attitude by HRM, and prejudice. The other factors include lack of cross cultural skills, capability approach, biased performance appraisal system by HRM. The challenges faced by the women as a cause of these factors are gender pay gap, lack of flexible working environment, misevaluation of their capabilities during performance appraisal and hiring biases. Based on literature, gender-focused HRM practices are recommended. It is recommended to HRD to overcome the gender inequality by performing an annual pay equity analysis, focussing on promoting flexible working hours and, female leadership, and eliminating the salary negotiation. References Ali, M. (2016). Impact of gender-focused human resource management on performance: The mediating effects of gender diversity.Australian Journal of Management,41(2), 376-397. Bryson, V. (2016).Feminist political theory. Palgrave Macmillan. Carter, B. (2014).Capitalism, Class Conflict and the New Middle Class (RLE Social Theory). Routledge. Cassells, R., Duncan, A. S., Ong, R. (2017).Gender equity insights 2017: Inside Australias gender pay gap(No. GE02). Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School. Correll, S. J. (2017). SWS 2016 Feminist Lecture: Reducing Gender Biases In Modern Workplaces: A Small Wins Approach to Organizational Change.Gender Society,31(6), 725-750. Hilton, J. (2018).Is HR doing enough to address gender inequality?.www.hcamag.com. Retrieved 4 February 2018, from https://www.hcamag.com/hr-business-review/leadership-development/is-hr-doing-enough-to-address-gender-inequality-244874.aspx Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Javidmehr, M., Ebrahimpour, M. (2015). Performance appraisal bias and errors: The influences and consequences.International Journal of Organizational Leadership,4(3), 286. Kahn, L. M. (2015). Wage compression and the gender pay gap.IZA World of Labor. Kulik, C. T. (2014). Working below and above the line: the researchpractice gap in diversity management.Human Resource Management Journal,24(2), 129-144. Meijerink, J. G., Bondarouk, T., Lepak, D. P. (2016). Employees as active consumers of HRM: Linking employees HRM competences with their perceptions of HRM service value.Human resource management,55(2), 219-240. Ochsenfeld, F. (2014). Why do womens fields of study pay less? A test of devaluation, human capital, and gender role theory.European Sociological Review,30(4), 536-548. Rees, G., Smith, P. (Eds.). (2017).Strategic human resource management: An international perspective. Sage. Sharma, A. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace.Cogent Business Management,3(1), 1212682. Tam, P. T. (2017). Determinants affecting human resource development of small and medium enterprises in Dong Nai province.Social Science Learning Education Journal,2(01). Whatmore, S. (2016).Farming women: Gender, work and family enterprise. Springer.

Want to Know More About John Hopkins College Essay Samples?

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Essay Topics For the Rape of the Loch - Plan Your Trip For a Great Relaxing Holiday

Essay Topics For the Rape of the Loch - Plan Your Trip For a Great Relaxing HolidayAre you confused as to what essay topics for the rape of the loch are? Well, you need not be. You can make sense of your assignment while on a vacation. Traveling to the loch in a small boat is a lot of fun and relaxing.I will explain one more thing about where you should be going on your vacation. You can take a vacation just off the coast of Inverness, which is about four hours from Glasgow.The third thing you should do when you are on your vacation and essay topics for the rape of the loch are something you might want to think about. One thing you may want to consider doing is going to the loch in a boat. I think you will enjoy this if you have read all the way to the end of this article. You will not be sorry you decided to go this route.When you decide to take a boat trip down the loch in a small boat, it is best to get some help with directions. You want to be sure you find out where you are goin g so you can avoid any bad driving situations. Make sure that you take along somebody who knows the area well. Then, you can help them when you are on your trip.There is a big iceberg there in the loch that you want to take some time to explore. It is there that you will be able to see a mountain called Lismore, which is named after the famous Scottish poet, Robert Burns. Lismore is said to be one of the great mountain peaks in the entire world.There is one last thing you might want to think about when it comes to essay topics for the rape of the loch. If you want to get a good night's sleep, there is only one place you need to be.You want to make sure that you head down to the lochside accommodations, where you will be sure to find the quietness that you need for a sound sleep. You will find this inside the lochside inns. These inns have everything you need for a quiet night's sleep.These are the essay topics for the rape of the lock that you should consider. If you would like to t ry something a little different and try something different from what other people have thought about, the loch is a great place to spend a great vacation.

Essay On Time Capsules - Writing An Essay About A Time Capsule Is Harder

Essay On Time Capsules - Writing An Essay About A Time Capsule Is HarderA writer's handwriting is frequently noted as something that helps the essay to convey the message that is being expressed. It is a sign of originality and sophistication that many aspiring writers look for in a writer's writing. The skill of handwriting is often a prerequisite to writing an essay about a time capsule.In a time capsule, it is possible to tell exactly when, where and by whom it was left. This is because of the skill of writing a sentence. However, this skill is not necessary if the time capsule is on a plain piece of paper. If the capsule is written on a sheet of blank paper, or a piece of colored paper, then the writing skill of the capsule writer does not matter.Writing an essay about a time capsule would be more difficult if the capsule is written on a sheet of colored paper. As such, the essay can have more emphasis on the writing skill and less on the capsule.It would be better to opt for wri ting an essay about a time capsule if the capsule is written on a plain piece of paper. If the capsule is written on a colored piece of paper, then it may be very difficult to write an essay about it if the capsule writer has very little writing skill.Writing an essay about a time capsule is a skill that the writer must master first. Writing an essay about a time capsule requires the writer to have a little imagination to come up with the content of the essay. The skill of writing an essay about a time capsule would not be possible unless the writer has some creativity.Writing an essay about a time capsule would not be as easy as writing an essay about a time capsule on a plain piece of paper. It would be best to do a research on the topic before actually writing an essay about it.Reading the capsule will provide a lot of information to a person who has written an essay about a time capsule. While reading the capsule, the reader will understand the essence of the capsule and the ess ence of the author. They will also understand that the writing is original, and hence the essay is worth reading.

How to Write Funny Satire Essay Topics

How to Write Funny Satire Essay TopicsA funny satire essay topic can be just as funny as the topic that made it funny. How can you write a humorous satire essay topic? Consider the topics that you are most familiar with, and those that involve human characters.Popular topics are about events that are tragic events. Maybe your friend was murdered in a recent robbery. Or maybe your daughter is trying to finish her college degree by going to a community college. Or maybe a topic you are researching is about political figures that were involved in some kind of scandal that caused them to resign from office.Whatever the tragic event that brought your character or subject into the spotlight is, there must be a reaction to the topic. And funny satire essays can make good use of this reaction. All that is needed is a punch line, and then the whole work of satire is built on the power of your characters' reactions to the subject.Popular topics may include books, movies, television shows, and the Internet. Or they could be about recent political scandals. They could be about novels and poetry and 'genre' literature. The list of possible topics is endless.What you need to do is write a short outline for your fictional character. This character's personality, attitudes, and habits are just as important as his/her appearance and vice versa. You must be able to relate your character to the reader.Another thing you will need to do is take advantage of your unique viewpoint on the subject. Look at some common behaviors in everyday life and apply it to your fictional character. Perhaps your character hates book reports but loves cooking. Maybe your character is always late to work because he has a habit of wearing mink coats on cold days. Use this observation to build an interesting plot for your satirical essay.Finally, if you are writing from the perspective of the reader's perspective, remember that the story and information you provide are not the one the person needs to he ar. The characters are often great sources of information, but you should also be able to illustrate your point with examples and anecdotes. All of these elements together form a powerful appeal to the reader.And now that you know how to write funny satire essay topics, you should consider using one of these techniques. It will help to put your character in their proper context, and to let your character's traits show through in your examples and anecdotes.

How to Choose Your Global Warming Essay Topics

How to Choose Your Global Warming Essay TopicsWhen you begin your essay about global warming, you must choose your global warming essay topics wisely. Not all topics are suitable for all students, so you must not choose the topic that would be easy to read and for you, understandable. Keep in mind, you are writing an essay on global warming, so it must be something that is complex to understand.Even if it is something that seems simple, it will require a lot of research to write an essay on this subject. Before writing your essay, you must decide what your essay topics are going to be. This is an important step in writing an essay on global warming.Of course, the topic you pick will depend on what you want to talk about in your global warming essay. The topics can be about the causes of global warming or how the problem will affect you personally. Whatever you decide to talk about, you need to make sure that the topic fits in with the rest of your essay.One thing you need to remember when choosing your essay topics is that you should do research on the topic. You do not want to write about something that is too obscure that nobody would even understand it. In this article, you will learn the things you should research when choosing essay topics for global warming.It is important to know your subject before you decide on the topic. You will know if you will be able to discuss the subject with your reader and you would know if it would be suitable for your topic. In this case, you need to get the required knowledge so that you could decide on the topic and the essay topic.Another thing you need to know when choosing essay topics is what your audience is. You should know your audience well before choosing the topic for your essay. It will help you determine the type of essay you need to write.If you are only writing a summary of your topic, you need to focus on the main points of your essay. You should not forget that the topic is supposed to be interesting so you need to focus on that part. However, if you have decided to write a longer essay, you need to think of a thesis statement that can be explained to the reader.You should consider the essay topics carefully before you start writing. Some topics might be too easy and others might be too hard to understand. To avoid those kinds of problems, you should research on the topic before you decide on the topic.

PPC Essay - Presenting Your Sample of Persuasive Essay

PPC Essay - Presenting Your Sample of Persuasive EssayWhen you've written your persuasive essay, it's time to present the samples of persuasive essay samples to your reader. You need to get more copies of this guide so that you can try them on your potential audience.Present your samples of persuasive essay samples as a video. You will need to provide all the information necessary for your potential audience to understand the argument that you're making. If they don't, then you'll have wasted their time. In order to present your samples of persuasive essay samples, you will need to convert your text into a video format.You should also give the video a title. A title allows you to get your audience to watch it and gives them the option to skip through the content.Introduce yourself with a brief intro. Presenting yourself in a way that conveys your personality is the best way to get the reader's attention. You can use your own voice or if you want to emphasize your authority, you can u se a voice over recording. Either way, remember to use a professional, professional voice.Don't forget to include some questions to get your readers' opinions on the persuasive essay sample that you are presenting. This is the first step of getting their opinion. Ask them any question that relates to the content of the essay. In many cases, you may be able to provide the answer without having to ask them directly.Complete the remainder of the sample with the conclusion. You'll want to place the conclusion at the end because the reader is likely to just leave the essay. They may click the button to go back to the home page to find the full version of the essay. You can place a close tag on the conclusion, so that readers can move onto the full version if they so desire.Presenting your persuasive essay is one of the most effective ways to get the results that you're looking for. The samples of persuasive essay samples will help you when you write your essay. You may want to look at ot her types of writing guides to see how you can easily adapt the techniques that you use when writing persuasive essays.